BUSINESS STUDIES MASTER

Simplifying Foundations of Business & Management for Class XI & XII

CLASS XII: CHAPTER 12 QUESTION BANK

Consumer Protection | 10 Practice Sets (CBSE 2026-27)

📌 General Instructions for All Sets:

  • Maximum Marks: 25 | Time Allowed: 45 Minutes
  • Questions 1-5 are objective type carrying 1 mark each (MCQs & Assertion-Reasoning).
  • Questions 6-7 are short answer type carrying 3 marks each (30-40 words).
  • Questions 8-9 are short answer type carrying 4 marks each (50-80 words).
  • Question 10 is a long answer type carrying 6 marks (100-150 words).
  • Strictly adhere to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 guidelines.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 1 (Level: Easy - Fundamental Concepts)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. Which Act was specifically passed by the Government of India to protect and promote the interests of consumers?
(a) The Indian Contract Act, 1872   (b) The Sale of Goods Act, 1930
(c) The Consumer Protection Act, 2019   (d) The Essential Commodities Act, 1955
[Case-Based] A customer bought a pressure cooker. Due to a manufacturing defect, it burst, causing severe injuries.
2. Which specific consumer right was violated here?
(a) Right to Information   (b) Right to Choose   (c) Right to Safety   (d) Right to be Heard
[Case-Based] A shopkeeper refuses to give a cash memo to a customer after selling a television.
3. The customer is failing to fulfill which responsibility?
(a) Buying only standardized goods   (b) Asking for a cash memo on purchase
(c) Reading the labels carefully   (d) Filing a complaint
4. Assertion (A): A person who buys goods for resale or commercial purposes is not considered a 'Consumer' under the CPA, 2019.
Reason (R): The Consumer Protection Act is designed strictly to protect end-users who buy goods for personal consumption or self-employment.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is correct explanation.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A): Consumer protection is only important from the consumer's point of view.
Reason (R): Businesses do not benefit from consumer protection as it only leads to lawsuits and strict government regulations.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is correct explanation.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Define a 'Consumer' according to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
[Case-Based] 'Alpha Electronics' always ensures that its products are safe and provides complete details about the ingredients, expiry date, and manufacturing date on the label.
7. Identify the two consumer rights 'Alpha Electronics' is respecting. Explain them briefly.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain any four responsibilities of a consumer.
[Case-Based] 'Zeta Corp' is a large multinational company. The CEO believes that satisfying customers and handling their grievances quickly is not just a legal obligation, but the only way to survive in the long run and build a strong brand image.
9. Identify and explain the specific points of 'Importance of Consumer Protection from the point of view of Business' highlighted by the CEO.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Mr. Amit bought an expensive imported smartwatch. After two days, the watch stopped working. He visited the showroom, but the manager rudely told him to leave and refused to listen to his complaint. Frustrated, Mr. Amit wanted to file a case but didn't know which court to approach or what his rights were. His friend advised him to visit a local Consumer NGO, which educated him about the legal framework and helped him file a case in the District Commission.
10. Identify the **two Consumer Rights** violated by the showroom manager. Also, explain **one Consumer Right** fulfilled by the NGO when they educated Mr. Amit.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 2 (Level: Moderate - Application & Analysis)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. The Right to acquire knowledge and be a well-informed consumer throughout life is called:
(a) Right to Information   (b) Right to Consumer Education   (c) Right to be Heard   (d) Right to Safety
[Case-Based] A seller forces a customer to buy a specific brand of washing machine and does not allow him to look at other brands.
2. Which right of the consumer is being violated?
(a) Right to Choose   (b) Right to Information   (c) Right to be Heard   (d) Right to Safety
3. The three-tier redressal machinery under the CPA, 2019 consists of:
(a) District, State, and National Commissions
(b) Local, State, and Supreme Courts
(c) Village, City, and State Forums
(d) Consumer NGOs, State Commission, High Court
4. Assertion (A): A consumer should always check for standard marks like ISI or Agmark before buying goods.
Reason (R): These marks assure the consumer about the quality and safety of the product.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A): Providing an expiry date on a medicine bottle is optional for the manufacturer.
Reason (R): The Right to Information mandates that a consumer has the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity, and price of goods.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is false but R is true.   (d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Explain the 'Right to seek Redressal'. State any two remedies available to a consumer under this right.
[Case-Based] A business uses highly unethical, misleading advertisements to sell a defective weight-loss pill.
7. Why should a business avoid such practices? Explain giving two points of 'Importance of Consumer Protection from the Business point of view'.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the role of 'Consumer Organizations and NGOs' in protecting and promoting consumer interests. (Give any four points).
[Case-Based] Ramesh purchased an iron box but forgot to take the cash memo. When the iron broke the next day, the shopkeeper refused to replace it, stating there was no proof of purchase.
9. Whose fault is it in this case? Explain the specific responsibility Ramesh ignored, along with three other responsibilities a consumer must follow.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] 'HealthDrink Ltd.' launched a new energy drink. To maximize sales, they deliberately hid the fact that the drink contained a high level of artificial sweeteners, which is harmful to diabetic patients. They also bribed distributors to ensure only their brand was available on supermarket shelves, actively hiding competitor brands. When a diabetic consumer fell ill after drinking it, he tried to contact the company’s customer care, but they had no grievance cell or helpline number.
10. By quoting lines from the paragraph, identify and explain the **three Consumer Rights** violated by 'HealthDrink Ltd.'
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 3 (Level: Moderate-High - Nuanced Competency)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. Under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, if the value of goods or services paid as consideration does not exceed ₹1 Crore (or the limit as revised by the latest rules), the complaint must be filed in the:
(a) District Commission   (b) State Commission   (c) National Commission   (d) Supreme Court
[Case-Based] An aggrieved consumer is not satisfied with the order of the State Commission.
2. Where can he appeal against this order?
(a) District Commission   (b) National Commission   (c) High Court   (d) Directly to the President
3. FPO mark is a standardization mark for:
(a) Electrical Goods   (b) Agricultural Commodities   (c) Processed Food Products   (d) Gold Jewelry
4. Assertion (A): Business firms should organize their own customer grievance cells.
Reason (R): Fulfilling the 'Right to be Heard' implies that consumers should have a platform to voice their complaints directly to the company before approaching a legal court.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A): A consumer can file a complaint against a seller for charging a price higher than the MRP.
Reason (R): Charging more than the Maximum Retail Price (MRP) is considered an unfair trade practice.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Explain the 'Right to Information' under the Consumer Protection Act.
[Case-Based] Mrs. Gupta found a dead fly in a sealed bottle of jam. She immediately filed a case in the District Commission, providing the bottle and cash memo as evidence.
7. If the court finds the company guilty, state any three remedies the court can order the company to provide to Mrs. Gupta.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the importance of consumer protection from the Consumer's point of view. (Give three points).
[Case-Based] An automobile company sold 1,000 cars of a specific model. Later, they discovered a fatal flaw in the braking system of that model. The company immediately issued a public apology in the newspaper, asked all customers to bring the cars back, and fixed the brakes free of cost.
9. Identify and explain the two specific remedies the company provided voluntarily. Why is this action justified under the concept of 'Social Responsibility'?
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Mr. Verma purchased a flat for ₹2.5 Crores. However, the builder used highly inferior cement, causing cracks in the walls within a month. Mr. Verma filed a complaint in the District Commission. The District Commission rejected his complaint stating they did not have the jurisdiction to hear it. Mr. Verma then approached the State Commission. The State Commission heard the case and ordered the builder to refund the entire amount along with a ₹10 Lakh compensation. The builder, however, was not satisfied with the State Commission's order.
10. Based on the CPA, 2019 jurisdictional limits, was the District Commission right in rejecting the complaint? Give a reason. Secondly, where can the builder appeal against the State Commission's order, and within how many days must this appeal be filed?
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 4 (Level: Hard - Analytical Competency)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. Who among the following CANNOT file a complaint under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019?
(a) Any registered consumers' association   (b) The Central Government
(c) A person buying goods to resell them in his shop   (d) A legal heir of a deceased consumer
[Case-Based] A jewelry shop sells gold ornaments without the Hallmark sign to a gullible customer, assuring him it is 24K gold.
2. The consumer forgot to check for which standardization mark?
(a) ISI Mark   (b) Hallmark   (c) Agmark   (d) FPO Mark
3. If an aggrieved party is not satisfied with the order of the National Commission, where can they appeal?
(a) High Court   (b) President of India   (c) Supreme Court of India   (d) They cannot appeal anywhere
4. Assertion (A): A consumer should not be swayed by misleading advertisements.
Reason (R): It is the responsibility of the consumer to critically evaluate the product and not blindly trust exaggerated claims made by celebrities on TV.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A): Businesses use society's resources; therefore, they owe a responsibility to society.
Reason (R): Supplying defective or adulterated goods is a violation of this social responsibility and harms the business's long-term interests.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Differentiate between 'Right to Safety' and 'Right to Choose'.
[Case-Based] 'PureGhee Ltd.' is facing a major lawsuit because a consumer organization filed a complaint on behalf of multiple illiterate villagers who were sold adulterated ghee by the company.
7. Can a consumer organization file a complaint on behalf of someone else? State any two other functions performed by consumer organizations.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the constitution and jurisdictional limits of the 'State Commission' under the CPA, 2019.
[Case-Based] A buyer purchased a commercial printing machine worth ₹5 Crores to run his large-scale printing press business. The machine broke down within a week. He filed a case in the State Commission.
9. Will his complaint be admitted under the Consumer Protection Act? Explain the definition of a 'Consumer' to justify your answer.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Ms. Riya visited a supermarket. She picked up a hair dryer, but there was no ISI mark on it. The shopkeeper assured her it was perfectly safe. Next, she asked for a specific brand of organic honey, but the shopkeeper forced her to buy his own locally manufactured honey, saying it was the only option. Finally, when she asked for the bill, the shopkeeper said his printer was broken and gave her a handwritten slip without a GST number or store stamp. Riya went home, plugged in the hair dryer, and it instantly caught fire, burning her hand.
10. Identify the **two specific responsibilities** Ms. Riya completely ignored while shopping. Also, identify the **one Consumer Right** violated by the shopkeeper regarding the honey.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 5 (Level: Advanced - Evaluation Competency)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
[Case-Based] The court ordered a company to instantly stop manufacturing a highly toxic face cream and withdraw all existing stock from the market.
1. This remedy is an order to:
(a) Replace the product   (b) Remove the defect
(c) Cease manufacture of hazardous goods   (d) Pay adequate compensation
2. Under the CPA 2019, e-commerce transactions (online buying) are:
(a) Strictly excluded from the Act   (b) Handled only by the Supreme Court
(c) Fully covered and protected under the Act   (d) Considered commercial transactions
[Case-Based] A consumer buys an electric iron with an ISI mark. He uses it to boil water and it electrocutes him.
3. Can he claim compensation from the company?
(a) Yes, because the product had an ISI mark.
(b) No, because he failed his responsibility to use the product safely and as per instructions.
(c) Yes, because of the Right to Safety.
(d) No, because he did not ask for a cash memo.
4. Assertion (A): A consumer has the right to be protected against goods that are hazardous to life and health.
Reason (R): This is known as the Right to Safety, which mandates businesses to ensure product quality and safety certifications.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) Both A and R are false.
5. Assertion (A): Ignorance of consumers is a major reason why consumer protection is needed.
Reason (R): In developing countries like India, many consumers are unaware of their rights and the reliefs available to them, making them easy targets for exploitation.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is false but R is true.   (d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Explain the 'Right to Consumer Education'. Why is it considered the foundation of all other rights?
[Case-Based] A customer bought a refrigerator. When it broke down, he realized the company had clearly printed "No Returns, No Guarantees" on the bill.
7. Is this printed condition legally valid under the CPA? What right of the consumer is being suppressed?
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain any four points highlighting the importance of consumer protection from the point of view of the business.
[Case-Based] Mr. Singh runs a popular Consumer NGO. He regularly publishes a monthly magazine named "Jago Grahak", conducts lab tests on popular food items, and organizes street plays in villages to warn people against fake medicines.
9. Based on the case, explain the three specific functions being performed by Mr. Singh's NGO.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] 'Zeta Electronics' sold a batch of 5,000 defective laptops. The batteries overheated and caught fire. Multiple consumers filed complaints in the National Commission because the total claim value exceeded ₹10 Crores. The National Commission found 'Zeta Electronics' guilty of gross negligence and unfair trade practices.
10. State any **six distinct remedies/reliefs** the National Commission can order 'Zeta Electronics' to provide to the aggrieved consumers under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 6 (Level: Expert - Complex Case Studies)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
[Case-Based] An aggrieved consumer bought a defective car worth ₹80 Lakhs.
1. According to the CPA 2019 (original limits), where must he file his original complaint?
(a) District Commission   (b) State Commission   (c) National Commission   (d) Supreme Court
2. A standardization mark used on agricultural products like spices, honey, and wheat flour is:
(a) ISI   (b) Agmark   (c) Hallmark   (d) Eco-mark
[Case-Based] A company falsely claims that its energy drink can cure asthma.
3. This is an example of:
(a) Unfair Trade Practice   (b) Restrictive Trade Practice   (c) Caveat Emptor   (d) Ethical Marketing
4. Assertion (A): Under CPA 2019, a consumer can file a complaint electronically.
Reason (R): The new Act allows consumers to file complaints online and even permits hearings through video conferencing to save time and money.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A): Right to be Heard means the consumer has a right to be educated about the product.
Reason (R): Right to be Heard actually means that the consumer's interests will receive due consideration at appropriate forums or company grievance cells.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is false but R is true.   (d) Both A and R are false.
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Explain the concept of 'Unorganized Consumers' as a reason for consumer protection.
[Case-Based] A telecom company secretly activates a caller tune service on a customer's phone without his permission and deducts ₹50 every month.
7. Which right of the consumer is violated? Explain it.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the constitution and jurisdiction of the 'National Commission'.
[Case-Based] After buying a laptop, the consumer realized the screen was defective. He went back to the shop, but the shopkeeper said, "It is your fault for not checking it properly before paying. Caveat Emptor (Let the buyer beware)!"
9. Is the shopkeeper legally right in using 'Caveat Emptor' to escape responsibility under the modern Consumer Protection Act? What right does the consumer have in this situation?
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Mr. X purchased a high-end luxury sofa set for ₹15 Lakhs from 'WoodWorks Ltd.' for his new home. The seller guaranteed it was made of pure teak wood. A month later, the sofa broke, and a carpenter revealed it was made of cheap plywood. Mr. X was furious. However, he had bought the sofa in cash without taking any receipt to save on GST. Furthermore, when the seller verbally offered him two basic chairs to replace the sofa, he just accepted them silently instead of filing a legal complaint, thinking courts are a waste of time.
10. Identify and explain the **three specific Consumer Responsibilities** that Mr. X failed to fulfill in this scenario.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 7 (Level: Expert - Integrated Concepts)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
[Case-Based] A woman buys a sewing machine to stitch clothes at home and earn a livelihood for her family.
1. Is she considered a consumer under the CPA?
(a) No, because she is earning money from it.
(b) Yes, because she bought it for self-employment and earning a livelihood.
(c) No, because it is a commercial machine.
(d) Yes, because she did not pay for it.
2. A consumer court orders a company to pay ₹5 Lakhs to a consumer whose face was permanently scarred by a defective fairness cream. This remedy is called:
(a) Removal of defect   (b) Replacement   (c) Compensation for injury   (d) Refund of price
3. Assertion (A): Businesses need not care about consumer protection if they operate in a monopoly.
Reason (R): Government interventions and legal regulations will eventually force a business to respect consumer rights, even in a monopoly.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
4. Assertion (A): Right to Information prevents consumers from falling prey to high-pressure selling tactics.
Reason (R): When consumers have exact information about the ingredients, date of manufacture, and price, they can make a rational decision rather than being emotionally manipulated by the salesman.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) Both A and R are false.
5. Which mark is necessary for ensuring the safety and quality of electrical appliances?
(a) Agmark   (b) FPO Mark   (c) ISI Mark   (d) Hallmark
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Differentiate between 'Right to Information' and 'Right to Consumer Education'.
[Case-Based] 'PureDrops' water purifier company states on its website: "If our machine breaks, we will not listen to your complaints, and you cannot sue us."
7. Which two consumer rights is the company trying to suppress? Explain them.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the term 'Unfair Trade Practices'. Give two examples.
[Case-Based] The District Commission passed an order against 'Alpha Builders' to refund ₹50 Lakhs to Mr. Sen. 'Alpha Builders' wants to appeal against this order.
9. To which authority can 'Alpha Builders' appeal? What is the strict time limit within which this appeal must be filed according to the CPA?
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] 'EcoDrive Ltd.' was a dominant player in the automobile market. The CEO, Mr. Arjun, strongly believed that "A business is merely an organ of society." He noticed that a specific batch of their cars had a minor steering issue. Even though no customer had complained yet, he voluntarily recalled 10,000 cars and fixed them for free. His rival mocked him for wasting money. Mr. Arjun replied, "We use society's roads, society's capital, and society's labor. If we sell defective cars, we lose our moral right to operate. Moreover, treating customers fairly is the only way to ensure they come back to buy our next model."
10. By quoting lines from the paragraph, identify and explain the **three points of Importance of Consumer Protection from the Business Point of View** highlighted by Mr. Arjun.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 8 (Level: Advanced Board Mock 1)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. Who can file a complaint on behalf of a deceased consumer?
(a) Only the State Government   (b) The Legal Heir or Representative
(c) A competitor company   (d) No one can file a complaint
[Case-Based] An aggrieved consumer approaches the Supreme Court of India. He must be appealing against the order of which commission?
2. (a) District Commission   (b) State Commission   (c) National Commission   (d) High Court
3. Assertion (A): Seeking redressal is not just a right, but also a responsibility of a consumer.
Reason (R): If consumers silently accept defective goods without filing complaints, it encourages corrupt businessmen to continue their malpractices and harms the entire society.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
4. Assertion (A): A person buying a washing machine to use in his laundry shop for washing customers' clothes is a consumer.
Reason (R): He is buying the goods for a commercial purpose, which disqualifies him from being a consumer under the Act unless he runs the laundry purely for self-employment.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is false but R is true.   (d) Both A and R are false.
5. A consumer court orders a misleading advertiser to issue a new advertisement clarifying the truth and correcting their previous lies. This remedy is called:
(a) Compensation   (b) Punitive damages   (c) Corrective advertisement   (d) Refund
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. State any three remedies available to a consumer against a seller of defective goods.
[Case-Based] A consumer buys a medicine. The chemist deliberately scratches off the expiry date and sells it at a massive discount.
7. Which responsibility did the consumer fail to exercise while buying? Which right of the consumer is being violated by the chemist?
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the term 'Right to be Heard'. Why do many large companies establish a 'Customer Grievance Cell'?
9. Describe the constitution and pecuniary jurisdiction of the 'District Commission' under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] 'Voice of Consumers' is a prominent NGO in Delhi. Last month, they noticed that a popular brand of packaged milk was heavily adulterated with chemicals. The poor consumers were completely ignorant of this fact and were falling sick. The NGO instantly took samples of the milk, paid for lab testing out of their own funds, and published the horrific results in local newspapers to alert the public. Realizing that the poor victims couldn't afford lawyers, the NGO's legal team filed a massive lawsuit against the milk company in the National Commission on behalf of the sick consumers.
10. By quoting lines from the paragraph, identify and explain the **three specific functions performed by the Consumer Organization/NGO** ('Voice of Consumers') to protect the public.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 9 (Level: Advanced Board Mock 2)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
[Case-Based] A hospital charges a patient for a surgery but the surgeon operates on the wrong leg due to gross negligence.
1. This is an example of:
(a) Defective Goods   (b) Deficiency in Services   (c) Restrictive Trade Practice   (d) Both A and C
2. A consumer court can order the opposite party to pay 'Punitive Damages'. Punitive damages are:
(a) A refund of the exact price of the product.
(b) Extra monetary punishment imposed on the company to deter them from repeating gross negligence.
(c) A replacement of the defective good.
(d) The cost of the consumer's lawyer.
3. Assertion (A): Under CPA 2019, product liability rests heavily on the manufacturer.
Reason (R): If a product causes harm or injury to a consumer due to a manufacturing defect, the manufacturer, service provider, or seller is strictly liable to compensate the consumer.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) Both A and R are false.
4. Assertion (A): The Right to Choose implies that a seller can force a buyer to purchase a specific brand.
Reason (R): Consumers must have access to a variety of products and services at competitive prices, and the ultimate decision to buy must rest solely with the consumer.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is false but R is true.   (d) Both A and R are false.
5. Which of the following defines 'Long-term interest of business' as a reason for consumer protection?
(a) Firing bad employees   (b) Winning customer trust ensures repeat sales and positive word-of-mouth
(c) Maximizing daily profit margins   (d) Following government regulations out of fear
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Differentiate between the 'District Commission' and the 'State Commission' on the basis of their pecuniary (monetary) jurisdiction under the original CPA 2019.
[Case-Based] Mr. Sharma bought a packet of chips. He noticed it tasted strange. Upon checking the back, he found there was no FSSAI mark, no ingredients listed, and no manufacturing date.
7. Which right of Mr. Sharma was violated? Explain this right.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain any four circumstances under which a complaint can be filed under the Consumer Protection Act.
9. "A well-informed consumer is the foundation of consumer protection." Elaborate on the 'Right to Consumer Education' to justify this statement.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Ms. Kavita went to a local electronics store to buy a heater. She specifically asked for an 'ISI marked' heater. The shopkeeper tricked her into buying a cheaper, locally assembled heater without any mark, promising verbally that it was "export quality". Kavita accepted it without taking a cash memo. When she used it at home, it short-circuited, completely burning her expensive carpet. Furious, she went back to the shop, but the shopkeeper denied ever selling her the heater. She tried to file a case in the District Commission, demanding ₹5 Lakhs as compensation for the carpet and the mental agony.
10. Identify the **two Consumer Responsibilities** Kavita failed to perform. Identify the **one Consumer Right** violated by the shopkeeper. Finally, will the District Commission accept her complaint? Provide a valid legal reason for your answer.
📄 PRACTICE PAPER - SET 10 (Level: Ultimate Board Challenger)
SECTION A (1 Mark Each)
1. The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 replaced which older Act?
(a) The Consumer Protection Act, 1986   (b) The Sale of Goods Act, 1930
(c) The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969   (d) The Standards of Weights and Measures Act, 1976
[Case-Based] A builder takes ₹5 Crores from a buyer for a luxury villa but abandons the project halfway and refuses to refund the money.
2. Under the CPA 2019 original limits, where should the buyer file the original complaint?
(a) District Commission   (b) State Commission   (c) National Commission   (d) Supreme Court
3. Assertion (A): Government intervention is a strong reason why businesses should voluntarily protect consumers.
Reason (R): If a business exploits consumers, the government will take harsh legal action, which can ruin the company's image and result in heavy penalties or closure.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
4. Assertion (A): Right to Choose is only applicable in a monopoly market.
Reason (R): In a highly competitive market, the consumer automatically has multiple choices, so the seller cannot force a product on them; therefore, the right is practically exercised only to break a monopoly.
(a) Both A and R are true & R is explanation.   (b) Both true but R is not explanation.
(c) A is true but R is false.   (d) A is false but R is true.
5. Which of the following is a responsibility of a consumer to protect the environment?
(a) Asking for a cash memo   (b) Checking the ISI mark   (c) Avoiding waste and not contributing to pollution   (d) Filing a lawsuit immediately
SECTION B (3 Marks Each)
6. Differentiate between 'Right to be Heard' and 'Right to seek Redressal'.
[Case-Based] 'Zeta Pharma' discovers that one of its headache medicines causes severe liver damage in rare cases. Before any government agency finds out, they immediately recall the medicine worldwide and set up a fund to compensate affected patients.
7. Which two points of importance of consumer protection from the business point of view are highlighted here? Explain them.
SECTION C (4 Marks Each)
8. Explain the constitution, jurisdiction, and the appeal process related to the 'National Commission'.
9. "A consumer is not just a king who demands rights, but a responsible citizen who must perform his duties." Justify this statement by explaining any four key responsibilities of a consumer.
SECTION D (6 Marks Each)
[Case-Based] Mr. Das is a passionate consumer rights activist. He bought a water heater worth ₹2,000 from 'Global Appliances'. The heater was defective and gave him a severe electric shock. He filed a case in the District Commission demanding a replacement and ₹2 Lakhs in medical compensation. The District Commission ruled in his favor. However, 'Global Appliances' was extremely arrogant. They refused to comply with the District Commission's order and proudly told Mr. Das, "We will drag this case to the State Commission, then the National Commission, and finally the Supreme Court just to exhaust you." Mr. Das remained calm, knowing the exact provisions of the Consumer Protection Act regarding appeals.
10. Answer the following questions based on the case:
(a) Identify the **Consumer Right** violated by 'Global Appliances'.
(b) State the **two remedies** granted by the District Commission to Mr. Das.
(c) Can 'Global Appliances' legally appeal to the State Commission? If yes, what is the time limit?
(d) Can 'Global Appliances' legally drag this specific case (value ₹2 Lakhs) all the way to the National Commission or Supreme Court if they lose in the State Commission? Give a reason to debunk their arrogant threat.
© 2026-27 Business Studies Master | Prepared by RATHIN KUMAR BARDHAN
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